Article Category: Resources for Speakers

The 25 Public Speaking Skills Every Speaker Must Have


Puzzle PiecesInspired by 25 Skills Every Man Should Know, I pondered a list of the 25 essential skills every public speaker should have. How did I do?

Every public speaker should be able to:

  1. Research a topic – Good speakers stick to what they know. Great speakers research what they need to convey their message.
  2. Focus – Help your audience grasp your message by focusing on your message. Stories, humour, or other “sidebars” should connect to the core idea. Anything that doesn’t needs to be edited out.
  3. Organize ideas logically – A well-organized presentation can be absorbed with minimal mental strain. Bridging is key.
  4. Employ quotations, facts, and statistics – Don’t include these for the sake of including them, but do use them appropriately to complement your ideas.
  5. Master metaphors – Metaphors enhance the understandability of the message in a way that direct language often can not.
  6. Tell a story – Everyone loves a story. Points wrapped up in a story are more memorable, too!
  7. Start strong and close stronger – The body of your presentation should be strong too, but your audience will remember your first and last words (if, indeed, they remember anything at all).
  8. Incorporate humour – Knowing when to use humour is essential. So is developing the comedic timing to deliver it with greatest effect.
  9. Vary vocal pace, tone, and volume – A monotone voice is like fingernails on the chalkboard.
  10. Punctuate words with gestures – Gestures should complement your words in harmony. Tell them how big the fish was, and show them with your arms.
  11. Utilize 3-dimensional space – Chaining yourself to the lectern limits the energy and passion you can exhibit. Lose the notes, and lose the chain.
  12. Complement words with visual aids – Visual aids should aid the message; they should not be the message. Read slide:ology or the Presentation Zen book and adopt the techniques.
  13. Analyze the audience – Deliver the message they want (or need) to hear.
  14. Connect with the audience – Eye contact is only the first step. Aim to have the audience conclude “This speaker is just like me!” The sooner, the better.
  15. Interact with the audience – Ask questions (and care about the answers). Solicit volunteers. Make your presentation a dialogue.
  16. Conduct a Q&A session – Not every speaking opportunity affords a Q&A session, but understand how to lead one productively. Use the Q&A to solidify the impression that you are an expert, not (just) a speaker.
  17. Lead a discussion – Again, not every speaking opportunity affords time for a discussion, but know how to engage the audience productively.
  18. Obey time constraints – Maybe you have 2 minutes. Maybe you have 45. Either way, customize your presentation to fit the time allowed, and respect your audience by not going over time.
  19. Craft an introduction – Set the context and make sure the audience is ready to go, whether the introduction is for you or for someone else.
  20. Exhibit confidence and poise – These qualities are sometimes difficult for a speaker to attain, but easy for an audience to sense.
  21. Handle unexpected issues smoothly – Maybe the lights will go out. Maybe the projector is dead. Have a plan to handle every situation.
  22. Be coherent when speaking off the cuff – Impromptu speaking (before, after, or during a presentation) leaves a lasting impression too. Doing it well tells the audience that you are personable, and that you are an expert who knows their stuff beyond the slides and prepared speech.
  23. Seek and utilize feedback – Understand that no presentation or presenter (yes, even you!) is perfect. Aim for continuous improvement, and understand that the best way to improve is to solicit candid feedback from as many people as you can.
  24. Listen critically and analyze other speakers – Study the strengths and weakness of other speakers.
  25. Act and speak ethically – Since public speaking fears are so common, realize the tremendous power of influence that you hold. Use this power responsibly.

Which skills have I missed? Are all of those on the list essential?


Additional Skills for Professional Speakers

Note that I have not attempted to cover additional skills which professional speakers must have that relate to marketing, advertising, product development, and other aspects of running a professional speaking business. There are other resources which address these, such as:

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28 Comments

Darren Fleming — Dec 4th, 2007

Great points on speaking. All worth following!

Cheers

Rhett Laubach — Jan 18th, 2008

Andrew, great list. I have enjoyed your blog and look forward to learning from you throughout 2008. I would add the skill of interacting with the crowd before your presentation. This allows the speaker to get a feel of the audience’s mood, learn some names, get some “in the moment” expectations of the program and generally put everyone at ease.

I would also add teaching others to speak and/or actively mentor another speaker. As you know, it is amazing how much you can improve your craft when you have the opportunity to teach someone else.

Thanks!

Andrew — Jan 18th, 2008

Rhett: Thanks for the suggestions.

I agree that both practices you mention are highly valuable skills to hone, but let me ask you this: Which of the 25 skills above would you remove to make room for these? (It isn’t a trick question… it is just a matter of priorities.) Perhaps that means there are more than 25 essential skills for public speakers?

Re: teaching others and/or actively mentoring another speaker
Very, very true. I just published the first article in the Speech Analysis Series. Being able to analyze other speakers certainly helps teach/mentor them.

Rhett Laubach — Jan 21st, 2008

I would say that the audience interaction piece could probably just be an add-on to number 15. Highlight that the interaction needs to start before the presentation.

I think the mentoring piece could be an add-on to number 24. The mentoring is really just a personal and specific method of doing number 24.

Again, great list!

Keith Johnson — Mar 5th, 2008

A lot of people underestimate the amount of work that is required in putting together a class or presentation. Kudos to all teachers and trainers out there! Nice article, and a good summary of points here, thanks for sharing.

Paul Ellul — Mar 6th, 2008

Great list, Andrew! This is my first time on your site… I’ll come back.

My only comment would be to “stay current.” This could probably be added to the description of a more specific speaking skill you’ve already listed, like “research your topic.” It’s important to be “in the know” with the particular group you are speaking to. It’s one thing to research, it’s another to know what new developments are taking place in the industry or organization you are speaking to.

Thanks again, Andrew. Looks like I’ll be spending a little bit of time on your site.

Andrew Dlugan — Mar 7th, 2008

Keith: Indeed! I have often heard comments like “Oh, you’re lucky. It’s so easy for you to speak in public…” On the contrary, anyone who appears effortless is likely working very hard behind the scenes.

Paul: “Staying current” is very important. Your audience can tell if you aren’t on top of your content, and you will lose credibility.

Janette Toral — Apr 8th, 2008

These are 25 great tips and I think it can already serve as a good book outline. Simple but helpful guide to aspiring public speakers.

garmah — May 11th, 2008

hello,

thank you so much for sharing with us those fabulous tips that is actually will help a lot poeple who are in there first steps to master this skill.

Robert Ward — May 25th, 2008

Hi, I am a motivation speaker to and for those with learning challenges. I have learned a few things that I was not aware of.

Jonathan — Jun 11th, 2008

#14 Connect with the audience

Connecting also allows you to know if the audience gets it or not.
One million dollar speaker putting on a seminar for 50 people noted she offended three in the audience by a comment she made. She quickly apologized and moved on. She would not have known this unless she had maintained a connection with the entire room of 50.

veronica — Sep 17th, 2008

I think public speakers can talk about something they dont know. Not all publlic speakers have to be exactly on key with every speech/talk that they give. Its very interesting to me that every time someone mentions public speaker they automatically think politics when thats not the case at all. Not all speakers have to be invovled in some type of politics. But i do agree when this article said that a public speaker must be a leader i absolutely believe that. Because in order to lead a crowd you in fact must be a leader of your own estiny and have your priorities striaght before trying to help/lead someone with theirs. Also, the thing i like about this article is that it tells you some very good details. Like listen and analyze the other speakers thats very good advice. But overall i think this was a very good article and keep up the good work.

peebles — Sep 17th, 2008

i didnt like this article it didnt show all prespectives of public speaking.

fayz — Nov 29th, 2008

this is really something solid. I am really inspired. I hope you can continue writing like this..

Shalu Wasu — Dec 12th, 2008

Nice Ideas! Here are some more…caution these are unconventional ideas and you may not agree with all / some of them – http://tickledbylife.com/index.php/avoiding-death-by-powerpoint/

John Watkis — Dec 24th, 2008

Hi Andrew,
You’ve made a pretty solid list. I agree with most points, but see things differently on a few points.

7. You don’t always need to start strong, but you do need to start appropriately. That is determined by the occasion and the audience. Also, it’s a myth that the audience will remember your opening and closing more than the body of your speech. Each member of the audience will remember the point that is most significant to them.
If the audience doesn’t remember anything at all, you wasted everyone’s time and didn’t prepare your speech properly.

10. Use natural gestures. Punctuating words with gestures often looks contrived if it’s not something you would normally do. It’s quite painful to watch. Gestures have their place, but sometimes a simple head twitch is more powerful that the sweeping of the arms.

Once again, a solid list. Keep up the good work.

Nancy — Jan 14th, 2009

I love the fact that you are promoting that speakers get away from the talking head approach. That is so important to gesture/moving and breathing.
Keep up the good work.
Nancy

Jeff Marmins — Jan 21st, 2009

Very useful list.

jerry ubochi — Jul 20th, 2009

Well done! i find your article quite incisive and mind opening. I happen to a lover of public speaking,and I think am quite endowed with proficiency in oracy. I have always liked to know more so i can enhance my skills. I Appreciate it alot!

Richard Johnson — Jul 24th, 2009

Excellent article and I agree with everything you say. It would be interesting to hear what you thought the top 10 points were in order.
That could kick off an interesting debate perhaps.
All the best
Richard

Keith Davis — Sep 29th, 2009

Add to the list?
I think that you have covered just about everything.
If I had to suggest something, it might be add some emotion… sadness, rage, some emotion that makes the audience think.
Build up to the emotion and then bring your audience back to a safe place.
Don’t leave them feeling uneasy, perhaps thoughtful but not sad or guilty.

Vaishnavi Ragunathan — Oct 3rd, 2009

The spoken words wields great power.It can stir people to mutinies and rebellions.So preparing for public speaking requires some special communication techniques to ensure your audience hear what you say.This blog really helps in it.

Conor Neill — Oct 13th, 2009

Number 1: Practice, practice, practice. The 5th time you give a speech will be better than the 4th, and much better than the 1st. Thanks for the great blog.

Pete — Oct 14th, 2009

Spot on! This is one of the more comprehensive lists I have seen. Any good keynote speaker that you see – be they a celebrity speaker or not – will incorporate most or all of these tips and rules into their actions.

Again, this is a great, great post!

Thank you

Pete

TJ Walker — Oct 17th, 2009

Great concise list–the perfect way for anyone to spend 60 seconds and get better as a speaker.

Public Speaking — Oct 23rd, 2009

Andrew

I would find #16 the hardest. I guess thats because your most vulnerable. Do you have any ideas on how to be more prepared for tough questions or how to save face when you may not know the answer?

David — Oct 29th, 2009

Thanks Andrew. I’m new to public speaking and gave my inaugural ice-breaker speech at my club’s second meeting. I’ve been asked to enter the club competition in 4 weeks, so discovering this site has been a god-send and sent my passion for speaking through the roof. I’ll keep you posted with the result.

JL Zoeckler — Nov 17th, 2009

I especially like #24. As I’ve observed excellent speakers I’ve noticed many of the things in your list above. I learn so much from listening to someone who is great. Thanks for this post. Every time I listen to someone speak who isn’t very prepared it reminds me that its so important for all of us to keep improving.

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4 Blog Links

 

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